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¡Viva la Constitución Ibérica!-Español
Viva a Constituição Ibérica -português
That's good. Keep up the work, man! You, a Germanic man, will be able to beat the sh*t out of a Viking soon!!!!!!!
Extremely cool!
I always look at the general way they name places in the nation I based my nation off of.
For example: Quebec City in french is "Ville de Quebec", so i named my capital "Vile de Merchaz", or City of Merchants.
Or just name it something you find interesting.
Ex: Djibouti, or Ouagadougou.
I like Djibouti and Ouagadouagou!
My three fav names of country capitals are Ouagadouagou, Nuku'alofa, and Funafuti. Respective capitals of Burundi, Tonga, and Tuvalu.
You seem to have used every website I used to create my country's flag, coat of arms, and I have used mapchart before.
Atlas the Germanic against a Viking. Fight of the century.
go dislike it.
page=wonder/wid=1003946
only 7 hours left
Wait, what?
Idk, i suggestet F-Fiveteenia, but that was kinda joke
Tired but excited. Going to the Olympic Park today!
Ooh that is exciting, I've always wanted to go there. Let me know what you think!!
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>>Columbus's Expeditions (1495-1498)
• Historical Context of Expeditions and the Era of Great Discoveries (15th-16th Centuries)
The 15th century marked the beginning of the Age of Great Discoveries, a period in which European maritime powers competed fiercely for trade routes and new lands. Portugal, under the command of Infante Dom Henrique, and Spain, led by the Catholic Monarchs Fernando and Isabella, were the main Catholic powers in Europe, who divided the world between them during large expeditions towards the New World, resulting in enormous competition that put into question it causes the future of humanity and the world, which concerns everyone.
Due to the importance of such events, the Treaty of Tordesillas was signed in 1494. The Treaty of Tordesillas was intended to solve the dispute that arose following the return of Christopher Columbus and his crew, who had sailed under the Crown of Castile. On his way back to Spain he first stopped at Lisbon, where he requested another meeting with King John II to prove to him that there were more islands to the southwest of the Canary Islands. After learning of the Castilian-sponsored voyage, the Portuguese King sent a threatening letter to the Catholic Monarchs, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, stating that by the Treaty of Alcáçovas signed in 1479 and by the 1481 papal bull Aeterni regis that granted all lands south of the Canary Islands to Portugal, all of the lands discovered by Columbus belonged, in fact, to Portugal. The Portuguese king also stated that he was already making arrangements for a fleet (an armada led by Francisco de Almeida) to depart shortly and take possession of the new lands. The Spanish rulers replied that Spain owned the islands discovered by Columbus and warned King João not permit anyone from Portugal to go there. Finally, the rulers invited Portugal to send ambassadors to begin diplomatic negotiations aimed at settling the rights of each nation in the Atlantic. The treaty defined as a demarcation line the meridian 370 leagues west of the island of Santo Antão in the Cape Verde archipelago, contradicting the previous bull of Pope Alexander VI. This line was located halfway between these islands (then Portuguese) and the Caribbean islands discovered by Columbus, referred to in the treaty as “Cipango” and Antilia. The territories east of this meridian would belong to Portugal and the territories to the west, to Castile. The treaty was ratified by Castile on July 2 and by Portugal on September 5, 1494, thus dividing the world between these two powers.
After signing the Treaty, in the same year of 1494, Columbus began designing an expedition towards the unknown territories west of the meridian defined in the Treaty, intending to explore the then unknown territories south of the part of the map provided to Castile in the treaty.
• Columbus's First Expedition (1495-1496)
In early 1494, with the intention of exploring the southwestern region of planet Earth, Queen Isabella of Castile ordered an expedition to Columbus. This expedition would consist of 4 ships, a "Nao" (a large ship used throughout the era of great discoveries) and 3 caravels.
This would be one of the most daring expeditions of the Age of Great Discoveries, after all, South America had not yet even been touched by Europeans, making the expedition quite difficult for anyone who attempted it. Columbus would carry a crew of probably more than a hundred people. Columbus knew the risks, but the idea of a possible colony that would enrich and turn Castile into a possible military power greatly seduced not only Columbus but also Queen Isabella of Castile.
The Nao taken on the expedition was the largest ship of its time. It is believed that the ship "led" the expedition, being ahead of the other ships in the fleet and its crew. Christopher Columbus led the ship's entire crew and led the rest of the fleet across the seas.
The 3 caravels that were also on the expedition, despite being much smaller than the imposing Nao, were also huge ships. Caravels are, as is known, more agile and maneuverable than Naos, which is why they were ideal for exploring unknown waters.
On December 14, 1494, the bells of the Santander church announced the beginning of the journey. The expedition set out with the very well-defined objective of discovering and colonizing unknown territories. However, the trip, like any sea voyage of the time, would not be easy. The crew faced all types of challenges that sailors of the time faced due to the visible lack of conditions inside the ships, observed in many expeditions of this type at the time.
Life on board the ships is much discussed as the few reports that exist are few and they are in a terrible state, but it is known that the conditions inside the ships were not the best. Some texts written by the navigator Christopher Columbus himself upon his arrival in Castilian territory indicate that the ship was hit by a series of heavy storms that greatly hampered the progress of the expedition. The texts also suggest that storms hit the ship shortly after leaving Spain.
It is believed that the journey took around nine months, until the fleet arrived in the eastern region of Sinuso Island, in what is now believed to be the metropolis of Tarroja. It is known that the navigators even docked and went down to the Island before returning to Castile, as was written by Columbus upon his arrival in Santander.
• The Discovery of Santilia(1495-1496)
It is believed that the navigators arrived in the Archipelago around April 1495, around nine months after the expedition launched.
It is known that the ships anchored upon arrival at Sinuso Island and that the navigators came down to better explore the place, which appeared deserted and rich, therefore, in perfect conditions for the formation of the first Castilian colony on the globe.
It was a few days after the ship anchored that the crew left for Castile.
It is believed that the sailors took relatively less time on the return journey than on the outward journey, having arrived in Spain around August.
On the return journey, the Castilian navigators took with them certain riches brought from Santilia, including, for example, cocoa, which had not yet reached Europe at the time.
It was on August 2, 1495 that the navigators arrived in Spain, docking again in the port of the city of Santander.
The news reached Queen Elizabeth on August 15 of the same year.
The expedition proved to be a resounding success, proving that Santilia was an extremely suitable space for the formation of the first Castile colony on the globe, proving to be a more than profitable and relatively large territory, in addition to being completely deserted, facilitating the possible formation of a colony in the region.
The Queen, satisfied with the resounding success of the expedition, confirmed that she would again order a voyage to colonize the newly discovered lands.
The discovery of Santilia was kept a secret from the international geopolitical scene, as everything indicated that the archipelago was located in Portuguese territory, as defined in the Treaty of Tordesillas.
• The Establishment of the Colony of Santilia (1495-1496)
Amid the success of the First Expedition and the financial growth of Castile that allowed the development of larger expeditions, Columbus began planning his trip to the newly discovered Island, which was certainly the largest expedition of the Age of Great Discoveries. Columbus had several objectives with this trip, but it is believed that the main one was simply to establish himself in the Archipelago.
Isabel de Castile allowed the trip amid the success of the previous one and ordered it. Columbus decided to go on the journey and spend the rest of his life living in the possible colony of Santilia
It was in September 1496 that Isabel ordered Columbus's Second Expedition. This was made up of 8 ships and a crew of more than a hundred men.
The fleet was ready to set sail in November 1497, but Columbus postponed the expedition's launch until March to avoid winter weather before the expedition left.
And so it happened. On March 17, 1497, Columbus's 2nd expedition to South America left the port of Palos de la Frontera, in southern Spain.
The expedition arrived east of Sinuso in October or November 1498.
And so the crew began to settle on the Island, starting to establish plantations and found cities. The first city founded on the Island and in the entire Archipelago was the city of Tarroja, located close to the beach, in an easy region for establishing cities as it is low-lying, has flat terrain and is close to the coast, allowing for faster and more efficient financial development through activities such as fishing. Agriculture also began to be practiced in the region after the opening of canals that took water from Lake Arellanes to the entire island, allowing fertile and rapid cultivation. The activities that developed the fastest and best on the Island were the cultivation of rice, sugar cane, agriculture and fishing. Mining also developed over time, after the discovery of large gold mines in the eastern region of Sinuso.
More cities were founded over time, especially in the eastern region of the Island. Among the most important were Vincentia and Tarroja, of course, but more cities were being built throughout the country. The one that grew the most in the following years was Domnia, which established itself as an important port city in the western region of the country.
More islands were discovered around the now called Sinuso island, and it is believed that around 1498 all the islands in the current Santilian territory were already part of the colony with at least one established city.
It was from 1499 onwards that writings began to refer to the Archipelago as “Santilia”. The name refers to “Santas Islas”, or “Sacred Islands”, due to the natural richness of the archipelago. From then on, Santilia began to be considered part of the Spanish Empire, gaining the name of a Castilian colony, the first established on the globe. Hiding Santilia from Portugal became a difficult task as cities were being built in the Archipelago, but the Spanish monarch waited until the perfect opportunity to establish an agreement with the Portuguese crown.
>>The Colony of Santilia (1499-1853)
• Formation and Economic Development
The Santilia Archipelago went through a very interesting process of urbanization and economic development during the years 1498 and 1499. The first cities were formed, among the most important Tarroja and Domnia. Agricultural and mining development was what most and best boosted the Santilian economy at the time. Huge gold mines were discovered on the outskirts of Tarroja, which led to the creation of a series of cities and military posts in the region. Docks were also built in Tarroja, which made it easier to reach Sinuso by sea. In the central region of the Island, cocoa production stood out and, on the edge of the Great Lakes, sugar cane resulted in the formation of small agricultural villages throughout the island, especially in the regions close to the Great Lakes, where, between January and March, major floods occur, making these regions more fertile. In the western region of the Island, what became one of the most important ports of the time was built, around which the largest city on the Island began to be built: Domnia. The port of Domnia, named after María Domnia de León, the only woman present in the crew of the first expedition, was a great link between America and Europe. On the remaining 6 islands, discovered during Columbus's 2nd voyage, there were also some important cities, among which Sotago and Parlona stand out, but, despite everything, the focus remained on Sinuso, the largest and, consequently, richest island in the archipelago. .
The colony's first years were quite profitable. Slaves were taken from the Guinea Coast to work on the cultivation and extraction of natural resources in the Archipelago. Later, Amerindians and other people from South and Central America were also taken to the Islands. The massive extraction of agricultural and mineral natural resources has enormously enriched the archipelago. The gold mines were intensely explored by slaves, who began to create large mining cities throughout the Archipelago. Agriculture was also greatly explored. Cocoa cultivation proved to be the most efficient for the economic growth of the Colony. The Spanish, who had almost half of the world's control over this food product, sold it for a fortune, along with sugar, beans and bananas, which were also extremely important in the economic development of the Colony. The city of Domnia is no longer just a port city, but also the great agricultural capital of the Island. Domnia is crossed by the only river in the entire Archipelago, the Aumbacio River, whose floods, which occur around February, have allowed rapid agricultural growth in the city. The production of rice and sugar stood out among a series of other agricultural products, including cocoa, beans, corn and coffee, for example. This economic growth was effectively visible from 1510 onwards, the year in which the Archipelago's economic production soared.
From that same year of 1510, the Queen of Spain, Joan I, could no longer keep the Colony a secret, as this would be very difficult taking into account the rapid economic growth of the Archipelago. Thus, on October 7, 1510, the Treaty of Braga was signed between the Queen of Spain, Joana I, and the Portuguese monarch, Manuel I, which defined that the Archipelago of Santilia would remain in the possession and domain of León and Castile, but the Kingdom of Portugal had the right to expand and explore the newly discovered Brazil.
By the 1550s, Santilia already dominated much of the Spanish economy. The archipelago's economy, largely centered on agriculture, soared again, and the port of Domnia became the most important in the Americas, and the city became the most important metropolis of any colony on the planet. Other cities also grew, demonstrating notable importance, such as Tarroja, a mining city, whose economy was based on the extraction of gold and aluminum, and the agricultural city of Tevir, which grew around the sugar plantations that surround Lake Sinuso. At the southern end of Sinuso, Anez also turned out to be an important city, connecting practically all the Colony Islands. On the remaining Islands, the cities that grew the most were Sotago and Parlona, which became economic centers that were also very important for the Colony.
• British Invasions (1573-1601)
Between the 1550s and 1570s, Santilia experienced a period of peace, although economic growth stopped. Urban development also proved to be increasing, as more cities and plantations were being built. But, evidently, the natural riches of Santilia also became interesting in the eyes of other nations on the world stage, so that a series of geopolitical issues were developed, which greatly influenced the future of Santilia and the whole of Spain.
The Treaty of Braga, signed a few decades earlier, was an attempt to resolve the Spanish violation of the Treaty of Tordesillas, in which Portugal undertook to cede Santilia in exchange for control of the Brazilian colony. However, seeing that Brazil was entering too far into the territory specifically designated for the Spanish in the Treaty, Philip II, taking advantage of the union of crowns between Portugal and Spain, demanded, in 1572, that the Brazilian colony stop expanding towards the west of the meridian defined in the Treaty of Tordesillas. The Portuguese people were unhappy with this decision, but Philip refused to retract it.
Santilia's natural resources were not only interesting in the eyes of the Spanish crown. Therefore, the British Queen, Mary I, attempted to sign the treaty of Sheffield (15 November 1572) with Philip II. The Treaty's demands were clear: the territory of Sinuso should be divided between both Empires, with the British Empire paying a certain amount to the Spanish monarch. Thehe Spanish monarch refused the offer and did not sign the treaty.
Mary I tried a second offer and asked the spanish monarch to meet with her in London, although they he refused. Therefore, Mary I sent an ultimatum to Philip, where the demands were clear: either the territories of Santilia were divided between the British and Spanish crowns or a maritime blockade would be declared on the entire European Spanish territory and the Archipelago would be invaded. Some other demands were made, such as the liberation of Portuguese territory and compliance with the demands of the Treaty of Braga. Philip did not comply with one of the British demands, but, fearing "La Armada Invencible", he used the Portuguese navy to his advantage and demanded that Portuguese ships patrol the entire Bay of Biscay and the entire Mediterranean border of Spain.
It was on January 11, 1573, that the British officially declared the maritime blockade of all Spanish European territory. Philip II ordered the Portuguese armada to open fire on the ships of the invincible armada, but, unhappy with the union of the crowns of Portugal and Spain, the Portuguese sailors allied themselves with the British during the blockade. Mary I, British monarch, sent a letter to the Spanish monarch demanding that he not open fire on the Portuguese and British armadas and threatening an invasion of European Spanish territory. Philip complied with these demands because he knew he had no chance of defeating the British fleet.
Maria I left the English general Reginald Algernon Fitzwilliam in charge of the invasion of the Santilia archipelago. The English fleet left Dingle, in Ireland, on July 29, 1573, and arrived on the outskirts of the city of Tarroja around March 1574. The Spanish military posts in the region were taken by surprise, and the first clashes greatly favored the British infantry. On April 17, 1574, the British attacked Tarroja. The city was surrounded by large walls, according to representative paintings of the time, and what is believed is that, using artillery weapons such as catapults, or using gunpowder, the British infantry opened a hole in the wall, allowing soldiers to enter. British people. Tarroja was one of the most important cities in Santilia, so, with the exception of plantations and rural areas, the city was full of Spanish royal cavalry soldiers. Using writings from the time, it is possible to say that the battle was more intense than Fitzwilliam's infantry had imagined. The Spanish cavalry resisted well, and working-class personnel, such as slaves and peasants, abandoned the plantations to go and fight. In any case, the outcome of the battle was already defined, and the victory of the British infantry was made official in October 1574, when the Spanish military retreated outside the walls, where they managed to set up a minimally strong line of defense. The conquest of Tarroja cost lives on both sides, and this is due to a series of factors that greatly influenced the performance of both sides. Fitzwilliam expected a peaceful and short first battle, but was surprised by the long and tough resistance of the Spanish cavalry present in the city, while the Spanish military was taken completely by surprise.
The British infantry, after conquering Tarroja, left for the city of Vincentia, in November 1574. Although also quite important, Vincentia did not have walls, which would make an assault and a possible conquest much easier. On the other hand, the military posts on the outskirts of Vincentia were already aware of the invasion. Again under Fitzwilliam's command, the British infantry attempted to outflank the Spanish defense line. The clashes here were indeed quite intense, but the British had the upper hand again, and, in January 1575, they managed to break the Spanish defense line and advance significantly into the territory of Sinuso. In May 1575, the British had already conquered almost the entire east coast of the Island, which worried Spanish generals and Spanish royalty. Maria I again sent an ultimatum to the Spanish monarch, with the same demands as the first, threatening to continue the offensive in Sinuso.
Philip II, aware of Spanish military inferiority in both quantity and quality, asked Mary I to sign the Treaty of Bilbao, which was signed by both monarchs on January 9, 1576. The terms demanded by the English were again clear: the entire east coast of Sinuso was to be supplied to the British Empire and Philip was to cease to have any authority over Portuguese territory. However, due to pressure from other European powers, namely from the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the British monarch only demanded that Philip comply with the demands of the Treaty of Braga, in addition, of course, to the end of the Iberian Union. . However, the sea blockade would not be lifted. Finding himself between a rock and a hard place, Philip signed the Treaty of Bilbao and committed to complying with most of its demands, with the exception of the provision of Santilian lands to the British crown. Instead, Philip paid a sum of money to the British monarch, who sympathetically accepted the offer and ordered the withdrawal of the maritime blockade and the British offensive in Sinuso.
The end of the withdrawal of the maritime blockade only happened on March 7, 1576, and the order to withdraw for the offensive in Sinuso only reached Reginald Fitzwilliam on September 9 of the same year, putting an end to an Era and bringing peace back. to Santilia. The city of Tarroja had to be completely rebuilt in the following years, which led to the discovery of the Santa María Gold Mine, the largest in the entire archipelago. The floods of January 1577 were especially generous, helping greatly to recover lost plantations.
The decades that followed were of great prosperity and economic development, and intense exploration of the Archipelago began again, allowing the extraction of many natural resources. The Archipelago's gold began to be extracted more and better explored, allowing a significant advance in the Santilian economy.
• "La Serenidád" (1577-1812)
What the Spanish called "La Serenidád" was a lasting period of peace and economic prosperity between 1577, after the signing of the treaty of Bilbao, and 1795, the year of the first attempted coup d'état by the working class of Santilia.
"La Sereinidád" marked an extensive period of peace in Santilia, extending from 1577, after the signing of the Treaty of Bilbao, until 1795. During these nearly 120 years, the islands experienced an era of relative stability, contrasting with the turmoil of the British invasions of the past.
With the cities rebuilt and the wounds of war slowly healing, Santilia devoted itself to internal development. Trade flourished, both between Spaniards and other European nations, promoting a more diversified and robust economy. Agriculture, fishing and mining prospered, boosting the prosperity of local communities. Several agricultural towns were founded in the center of the country, to help with the extraction of sugar cane and cocoa, some of the most expensive resources found in Santilia. The production of palm oil has become another great source of income for Santilia, which has contributed immensely to the development of inland rural locations, while the extraction of plums, almonds and mangosteen has allowed the construction of more plantations and better use of the floods. Products from the sea also began to be better utilized, and fishing villages also began to develop based on fishing for anchovies and catfish.
Culturally, "La Sereinidád" has witnessed the resurgence of local traditions. The preservation of oral heritage and folk practices became a priority, while artists and artisans contributed to Santilia's rich cultural tapestry. The period also saw the flourishing of educational and scientific institutions, setting the stage for intellectual and technological advances.
In the social field, "La Sereinidád" promoted a more inclusive and equitable society in Santilia. Measures were taken to improve the population's living conditions, including advances in health, housing and education. Education became accessible to a wider section of society, allowing future generations to contribute to the continued development of the islands.
Furthermore, during this period of tranquility, there was a rediscovery and appreciation of the islands' rich biodiversity. Environmental preservation initiatives have been implemented to protect unique ecosystems, and Santilia has become an example of sustainability for other nations. The endemic fauna and flora were the subject of scientific studies, boosting environmental awareness among the inhabitants.
Throughout "La Sereinidád", Santilia also consolidated its economic autonomy, despite still depending on the Spanish in some things. It was from then on that ideas of a coup d'état began to be created, especially among the working class.
Santilia stood out as a commercial center in the South Atlantic, taking advantage of its strategic location and the islands' natural resources. The trade routes established during this period connected Santilia to other regions, promoting cultural exchanges and strengthening its diplomatic ties. The economy diversified, incorporating sectors such as agriculture, fishing and mining, contributing to the self-sufficiency and prosperity of the archipelago.
From a broader point of view, "La Sereinidád" represents a crucial era in the history of Santilia, where the archipelago managed to recover from the hardships of the British invasions and build a solid path towards stability and prosperity. This period of peace allowed not only the physical reconstruction of cities, but also the reconstruction of institutions. But, despite everything, the populations remained dissatisfied, especially due to the use of slave labor by the Spanish, which was never abolished in Santilia until its independence on February 19th, 1853.
The end of "La Serenidád" was marked with the Coupe D'État of 1812.
• The Coup d'état of 1812
The 1812 coup d'état in Santilia was a landmark event that reflected the deep social and political pressures that gripped the archipelago during the 19th century. Santilia's political and economic landscape was rife with inequalities, injustice, and exploitation, fueling discontent among the underprivileged classes and setting the stage for rebellion against Spanish rule.
At the top of the social structure were the Spanish, represented by King José I, who held all political and economic power over Santilia. Below him were the landowners, who enjoyed privileges and wealth at the expense of the peasants and slaves, who made up the base of the social pyramid. This division of classes was evident in all aspects of life in Santilia, from unequal access to land and resources to the rampant exploitation of slave labor on plantations and mines. Although many in Santilia were Spanish, the majority of the population remained slaves, many coming from South America, Central America, and North Africa.
Alberto Torres Castro, a communist leader, emerged as a central figure in organizing the coup d'état of 1812. With the support of other opponents of the Spanish government, Torres Castro meticulously planned the assassination of the King during his visit to Domnia, the capital of Santilia, on February 7, 1812. The objective was to trigger a popular revolt against Spanish rule and gain independence for the archipelago.
However, the plan was thwarted by the betrayal of Diego Sánchez Medina, one of the King's escorts during his visit. Medina discovered Torres Castro's plan and alerted Spanish authorities, allowing security measures to be taken. When the King arrived in Domnia, he was the target of an armed attack, being shot twice in the leg, but surviving the attack. Spanish forces quickly suppressed the revolt, arresting and executing the conspirators.
The failure of the 1812 coup d'état was a severe blow to opponents of the Spanish government in Santilia. Despite attempts to instigate a popular uprising, the quick and effective response of the Spanish authorities demonstrated the strength of colonial control over the archipelago. However, the event served as an eye-opener for future struggles for independence and social justice in Santilia, inspiring later generations to continue fighting for significant political and economic change.
• "La Revolución de Mayo" (1852)
The "Revolución de Mayo" in Santilia was a transcendental moment in the archipelago's chronicle, marking the prelude to its journey to independence and sovereignty. The movement, denoted by the name "Movimiento Popular por la Emancipación Santiliana", or simply "El Movimiento Popular", had its birth in the twilight of April 1852, when an effervescence of protests and demonstrations spread across the main cities of Sinuso Island, including the imposing capital, Domnia, bustling epicenter of revolutionary fervor. These outcry arose from the growing dissatisfaction with Spanish domination and the effervescence of insurgent ideologies that were sweeping Latin America at the time.
The heralds of the movement, mostly anonymous, rebelled against the Spanish yoke, aiming for the establishment of an autonomous and emancipated government in Santilia. Mobilizing through fiery rallies, disseminating incendiary pamphlets, and gathering popular support, the leaders of "El Movimiento Popular" encouraged the cry for freedom, aiming for the abolition of the odious slavery system, agrarian reform, and the consolidation of representative institutions and democratic.
The peak of the Mayo Revolution unfolded on May 25, 1852, when thousands of citizens gathered in front of the government palace in Domnia, raising demands for immediate changes. The strategic choice of the date was not a mere coincidence, as it coincided with the expected visit of the Spanish monarch, Isabel II, a symbolic target of popular dissatisfaction. Faced with overwhelming pressure and fearing an uncontrollable insurrectionary ferment, the colonial authorities were compelled to give in to the insurgents' demands. The height of the revolt occurred when the rebels invaded the palace, and, after a series of frustrated attempts at negotiation, the leader of "El Movimiento Popular", Diego Martínez de la Cruz, opted for a radical act, taking the life of Isabel II with two stabs to the chest, followed by the decapitation of his majesty, whose head was preserved as a trophy and later sent to the Spanish royal family.
The macabre sending of the monarch's head to Spain, accompanied by a letter demanding the total independence of Santilia, marked the climax of this revolution of titanic proportions. In February 1853, a letter proclaiming the archipelago's independence as a sovereign state, free from the yoke of the Spanish Empire, arrived in Domnia, now controlled by the insurgents, consecrating February 19 as Santilia's Independence Day. The post-revolution reforms, although fundamental, were permeated with challenges and turbulence, especially in the transition to a representative democratic system, which marked the contribution of each citizen in the election of their national representatives.
>>The Santilian Republic (1853-Today)
• The Elections of 1853
It was on November 20, 1853, the year of Santilia's Independence, that the first democratic elections were organized in the country, where anyone could run under certain conditions, including, for example, being over 25 years of age and have lived at least 15 years in the Archipelago. Furthermore, only men who owned land could run for presidential elections. There were a total of 9 candidates for the elections, with Álvaro Cordero Peralta, a nationalist born in the Archipelago who was, at the time, 31 years old, winning. Peralta received 61% of the votes, as he was affiliated with the most popular of the 3 recently created Santilian parties: the Movimiento de Derecha Santiliano (MDS), or Santilian Right Movement, a right-wing party founded by Diego Martínez de la Cruz and a group of nationalists from Santilia. Second place was awarded to another MDS affiliate, Daniel Nuñez Fuentes, who received 12% of the votes cast. Third place was taken by Diego Ruiz Blanco Pascual, independent of any party but strongly linked to the right, who received 8% of the popular vote.
The other two parties founded in Santilia, the Frente Comunista Santiliana (FCS) and the Partido Verde (PV), had very few candidates and very little support, especially the PV, which only had 9th place, Carlos Martín Benítez, who he received just 0.9% of the votes.
It was also visible that the candidates of the Comunist Front, the FCS, had the vast majority of votes from the population of the rural areas in the interior of the Islands, while the candidates of the Movimiento de Derecha had the votes concentrated in the large urban centers, such as Domnia, Tevir and Parlona. The only PV candidate, Carlos Benítez, had just 4499 votes, which were concentrated especially in suburban areas, such as Tarroja, Vincentia and Alcozues.
It is also worth remembering that the first elections were not perfect, and had a series of problems, including the filter for voters. Santilia had around 500,012 voters, who were only men who owned land. As Santilia had only a few months of independence, it was not required, for example, the 2-year military service, which would be required in the following presidential elections in 1857. Furthermore, everyone in the voting centers could see who anyone voted.
The newly elected president Álvaro Peralta had to resolve a series of social and economic problems in the Archipelago. Peralta was unable to serve as president until the legislative elections of November 27, 1853, in which, unsurprisingly, the Movimiento de Derecha won, filling 102 of the 150 seats in the National Assembly. The PV elected only 4 deputies, achieving last place among those who elected deputies. More parties were founded, among them the Socialist Party (PSS), which later became the most popular in the Archipelago.
The Assembly's first proposal to Peralta was the total abolition of slavery in the Archipelago, which was more than accepted by the newly elected president. Several resolutions were also proposed that later helped to compose the National Constitution of Santilia, which was officially published in 1855, still under Peralta's government.
Ministries also began to be created within the Assembly. At the end of Peralta's government, Santilia had around 8 Ministries: The Ministry of Welfare and Public Health, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Economy and Finance, the Ministry of the Environment, the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Later, more Ministries were created, helping to organize the Santilian government, which at the time was a mess, with several very important issues still to be resolved.
Peralta's government was quite progressive, especially in the industrial, commercial and residential areas. It was during this four-year period that the University of Domnia, still the largest and oldest in the country, was inaugurated, and the election was held to choose the Santilian flag, in which the current blue and yellow checkered flag was chosen, which represents a landscape Typical beach on the coast of the Islands. The issues of the Revolution still to be resolved were resolved, in addition to the country's currency, the Oro Santiliano, being issued, which inflated a lot, so it was replaced by the American Dollar, which became the country's official currency in 1857. The construction of at least two hospitals and two schools per island was one of the objectives set by Peralta that was not achieved during his government, but which later became a priority and was more than achieved. During this period, the Santilian Armed Forces (FAS) were also created, under the responsibility of the Minister of Defense and Marshal of the Army Evaristo Sánchez Barrientos, who organized the army based on the Roman legions, a strategy used to this day.
Peralta was also crucial in establishing Santilia's international relations, including founding the Corporácion Cooperativa Latina (CCL) together with other independent countries in Latin America: Brazil, Argentina, Peru and Mexico. Peralta also developed good relations with the United States, making 3 diplomatic visits to the country during his government and carrying out very important commercial exchanges, which helped immensely with the economic and population growth and urbanization of Santilia.
Peralta also promoted unity among the Santilian population. It was crucial for Peralta to promote cohesion and unity among the different ethnic, cultural and political groups within Santilia, to avoid internal conflicts and promote peace.
Santilia went from 0 to 100 during Peralta's government, making him a national hero, with a statue in the square named in his honor, Álvaro Peralta Square, in the center of Domnia, in front of the National Assembly.
The first government of Álvaro Cordero Peralta ended on November 22, 1857, the Sunday of the second presidential elections in Santilia, in which he was reelected with 52% of the votes.
socialist president in Santilia
• The Growth of Socialism in Santilia
In the elections on Sunday, November 22, 1857,
Álvaro Cordero Peralta, a politician from the Movimiento de Derecha, was elected again by the Santilian people, with 56% of the votes.
In this second term, President Peralta was responsible for a series of very important decisions in the history of Santilia. The first of these was changing the country's national currency to the American dollar, which also helped to strengthen economic relations with the United States of America, but was done due to the rapid inflation of the Santilian currency at the time, the so-called Oro Santiliano. Peralta carried out a complete agrarian reform in the country, creating policies to redistribute land and promote family farming to combat the concentration of land in the hands of a few owners and improve the conditions of peasants. Peralta also tried to make public education completely free, but this was not possible due to the state's low income at the time, so they were charged $10 per year, with the exception of children from low-income families, of course.
After observing the results of the legislative elections on November 29, 1857, Peralta noticed a large increase in the number of seats for the PSS, which rose to 2nd place in the number of seats in the government, leaving the Communist Front behind. Therefore, Peralta began to use some center-left ideals so that his party could gain more popular support. Peralta even proposed female suffrage, which was vetoed several times in the National Assembly and was only approved decades after President Peralta left the Government. But, on the other hand, the vote of non-landowners was approved, which allowed Peralta to obtain a lot of support from PSS voters. Peralta also created, with the support of both the PSS and the FCS in the National Assembly, the Trade Union Rights Law, which allowed working citizens to create unions.
Peralta's government came to an end in November 1861, the year of both legislative and presidential elections in Santilia.
The winner of the elections was Amadeo Taramundi de la Pena, representative of the MDS, with 47% of the votes, who governed until 1865, not being re-elected and being replaced by a representative of the Socialist Party. President Amadeo managed the country very poorly in the economic aspect, being quite passive instead of active in the decisions he took, thus, in a way, tarnishing the party's image in the country. This is due to the fact that Amadeo is not trained, despite having had a great campaign that resulted in his victory.
In the 1865 elections, the person elected was, as expected, Gregorio Ibarra Góngora, an affiliate of the PSS, a party that also won the following legislative elections, occupying 119 of the 250 seats of the National Assembly. Gongóra had a much less progressive mandate, contrary to what was expected from the left, which caused the right to become popular again in the Archipelago.
In 1867, still under Gongóra's government, Peralta was murdered during a visit to Tevir. His body was buried in the Domnia cemetery where it remains today.
Gongóra contributed above all to the growth of agriculture in Santilia. Gongóra also founded the second university of Santilia, which he called Universidad Gregorio Gongóra, and which is located in the city of Parlona. Gongóra also made it a priority to create at least one university on each island, which was later achieved.
Gongóra also turned Santilia into a semi-presidential republic, abdicating the maximum authority of the executive branch in the country.
In 1869, Gongóra's mandate ended, and as can be imagined, he was not re-elected and was replaced by the independent Romano Quevedo Ramírez. Despite not being affiliated with any party, Ramírez was evidently linked to the left, and it is even known that he voted for the PSS in all the elections until then. President Ramírez governed during two terms, until 1875, the year in which he was diagnosed with prostate cancer, and resigned on August 14th. The elections were held in January 1876, the year in which Benigno Rodríguez Cervantes, politician and head of the Domnia list of the Movimiento de Derecha, was elected.
• The Industrial Era in Santilia (1875-1900)
The industrialization of Santilia in the late 19th century was driven by a combination of internal and external factors. As a tropical country, Santilia possessed a variety of valuable natural resources that were exploited during this period of industrialization.
Santilia had a vast expanse of tropical forests rich in valuable wood such as mahogany, ipe and other tropical species. These forests provided raw materials for the timber and furniture industries.
Furthermore, the country had a great diversity of mineral resources, including iron ore, bauxite, manganese and other minerals. The exploitation of these resources boosted the growth of the metallurgical and mining industry.
By the end of the 19th century, Santilia had become the world's number one exporter of mahogany wood and the world's number two exporter of coconuts. The production of sugar cane, cocoa and brazilwood also stood out immensely during the Industrialization Era in Santilia. Santilia has also become one of the largest exporters of spices worldwide, counting huge numbers in the production of cardamom and turmeric.
During the period of industrialization, Santilia attracted foreign investment from industrialized countries, especially from European colonial powers such as Portugal and Spain, and from North American countries, especially the United States, which invested heavily in Santilian production, importing 80% of its mahogany wood from the archipelago. It was defined at the 1879 conference between the countries of the Coalición Cooperativa Latina (CCL) that at least 50% of the mahogany wood imported by each country in the coalition should be imported from the Archipelago.
Foreign investment in the archipelago allowed buildings typical of industrial infrastructure to begin in Santilia, such as factories, steel mills and mineral processing facilities.
During the 20th century, investments became so large that the money began to be used for greater purposes within infrastructure, such as the construction of roads, railways, ports and energy networks, which facilitated the transport of raw materials.
Rapid and effective industrialization in Santilia also attracted immigration, especially from other Latin countries.
The government of Santilia allowed immigrants to enter and gave them work, resulting in a significant increase in the workforce in Santilia.
At this time, tourism became the economic sector that generated the most revenue for the Santilia government, and this was caused by several factors. The government invested a lot in hotel services at this time, especially in cities close to the sea, after all, the immaculate Santilian beaches were the country's main attraction for tourists, not to mention the natural reserves that exist in the country, namely the Manzanares natural reserve , in the central region of Aurrasqui, known for the famous Trisano waterfalls, located in the heart of the reserve near the agricultural village of Valles. Cultural tourism also developed significantly, especially during the government of Veto Romas, who ruled between 1880 and 1888. It was President Romas himself who chose Pollo a la Santiliana as the national dish of Santilia, in addition to having built the Art Museum of Domnia, the most important art museum in Santilia. Rural tourism has developed a lot, especially in the central region of Sinuso, as it is a predominantly flat rural region at a relatively high altitude, where the highest peak of Santilia is located, on Monte San Alejandro, which leads us to mountain tourism which also developed at the time, but little due to the low altitude present in most of the Santilian territory.
It is also worth mentioning, of course, the industry, which grew much more than any other sector at this time, after all, Santilia was not limited to the extraction of natural resources and tourism. The industries that grew the most in Santilia were pharmaceuticals and metallurgy, especially pharmaceuticals. The automotive industry also grew in Santilia, especially after the creation of the first and only Santilian car brand, "Motores Tovar", which, selling a series of models that we consider classics today, made a lot of money for Santilia. The United States of America and the European colonial powers invested heavily in the Automotive Industry in Santilia, which did not develop as much as others but did not fail to yield a lot for the Santilian government. Other sectors of Industry that had their development marked in the Industrial Era in Santilia were warfare, with the creation of the private weapons producer Ortolano, which became very popular throughout America and in part of Europe especially in the eastern region, food, energetic and informational.
• Santilia in the First World War (1914-1919)
With the beginning of the first world conflict in Europe, the Santilian government, through the voice of the President of the Republic at the time, Rio Cobarrubias, declared, as an old ally of countries such as the United Kingdom, Portugal, and the United States of America, its firm position on the side of the allies in the conflict. Therefore, signed by the president, each member of the Assembly of the Republic and army marshal Cristiano Ortiz Dominguez, Decree-Law Nº67/1914 broke any political or economic relationship between the Santilian government and the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the German Empire. The entry of the United States of America into the conflict in 1917 led Santilia to join the fighting on the western front of the conflict in Europe, sending some platoons to Europe with the purpose of fighting the Germans in France. Santilian soldiers arrived in France on March 24, 1918, during the German Spring Offensive.
The "Fuerzas Terrestres Santilianas" (FTS), or, as they became known in the war, "Los Gatos Moros", made a significant contribution to the defense of the allies on French soil, but were crucial in the Hundred Days Offensive. The FTS joined the North American, British and French forces on April 15, 1914, and was under the command of General Foch. After the end of the Spring Offensive, Germany launched Operation Georgette, in which the FTS was significantly important in preventing the continuation of the German offensive in France. The attacks on ports in the English Channel were easily contained by Allied forces, with a significantly important contribution from the FTS, which possessed incredible anti-aircraft technology for the time. After the German disgrace in Operation Georgette, the German Empire attempted Operations Blücher and Yorck, in which they came very close to Paris. On July 15 of the same year, Germany launched Operation Marne, in an attempt to surround the French city of Reims. The resulting counterattack, which began the Hundred Days Offensive, marked the first successful Allied offensive of the war. By 20 July, the Germans had withdrawn across the Marne to their initial lines, having achieved little, and the German Army never regained the initiative.
The Allied counteroffensive, known as the Hundred Days Offensive, began on August 8, 1918, with the Battle of Amiens, which involved more than four hundred tanks and 120,000 British, Dominican, French and Santilian troops and, by the end of its first day, there were A space 24 kilometers long had been created in the German lines. The "Gatos Moros" were crucial in the battle. Some Santilian soldiers stood out in this battle, among them the most famous Santilian soldier of all time, Salvadore Narvaez, who was known for having killed more than a hundred German soldiers throughout the war with a single weapon, his Hotchkiss Mle 1914 , which is preserved in the history museum of Domnia.
Instead of continuing the Battle of Amiens after initial success, as had been done so many times in the past, the Allies shifted their attention elsewhere. Allied leaders had already realized that continuing an attack after resistance had hardened was a waste of lives and it was better to move troops than to try to penetrate the enemy line. They began carrying out attacks in rapid order to build on successful advances on the flanks and then broke them as each attack lost its initial momentum.
British and Santilian forces launched the next phase of the campaign with the Battle of Albert on 21 August. The attack was expanded by French and then other British forces in the following days. During the last week of August, Allied pressure along a 70-mile front against the enemy was heavy and relentless. From German accounts, "each day was spent in bloody fighting against an ever-increasing enemy and the nights were spent sleepless in retreats to new lines." Faced with these advances, on September 2, the German Supreme Army Command issued orders to withdraw to the Hindenburg line in the south. This happened without a fight. The "Gatos Moros" were responsible for a series of bombings targeting the Hidenburg line, which allowed the remaining allies in the offensive to advance more easily.
In September the Allies advanced to the Hindenburg line in the north and center. The Germans continued to fight strong rearguard actions and launched numerous counterattacks on lost positions, but only a few were temporarily successful. The towns, villages and trenches in the outpost positions of the Hindenburg line continued to fall to the Allies, with the British Expeditionary Force alone taking 30,441 prisoners in the last week of September. On September 24, a British and French attack came within two miles of St. Quentin.
Under Foch's orders, the "Gatos Moros" would be in charge of preventing any attempt at a German counterattack on the lost positions, which was more than well accomplished by the Santilian land forces, which proved to be an essential tool in the Allied counteroffensive.
The final attack on the Hindenburg line began with the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, launched by French, American and Santilian troops on 26 September. The following week, French, American and Santilian units cooperated in Champagne in the Battle of Mont Blanc, forcing the Germans to dominate the mountains near the Belgian border. On 8 October the line was again pierced by British troops at the Battle of Cambrai.
From here, German military defeat became imminent, and the stroke suffered by General Ludendorf marked the end of the war for the Germans.
After the Armistice of Mudros and the Italian offensives in October 1918, the Germans, at 11 am on the 11th day of the 11th month, signed an armistice, representing the end of the war for the Santilian land forces. Despite everything, FTS soldiers suffered immensely from the war. Only practically 1/3 of the Santilian soldiers who went returned to Domnia in January 1919. Many returned blind due to the use of tear gas, and soldier Narvaez himself returned extremely weak, without his left arm. Many returned with illnesses brought from the filthy trenches, so Rio Cobarrubias ordered all soldiers to undergo at least 15 days of quarantine after arriving in the Archipelago. This generated the so-called "Amontamiento de 1919", a kind of mutiny in the Santilian army that led to a series of revolts in the country.
• The Mutiny of 1919 (1919-1920)
The Mutiny of 1919, a pivotal moment in Santilia's military history, was triggered by a series of social, political and economic factors that culminated in widespread riots in several cities across the country. Among the prominent leaders of the mutiny were figures such as Juan Montalvo, a sergeant from Tarroja; María Sánchez, a highly respected nurse from Parlona; Antonio Herrera, a young recruit who distinguished himself as a spokesman for the soldiers in Tevir. The movement had its origins in the deplorable conditions in which soldiers who had returned from Europe after the end of the first major world conflict found themselves, many with serious physical injuries or bringing diseases such as Spanish Flu from the trenches. President Cobarrubias' government also demanded that the soldiers who had returned remain in total social isolation during the first forty days they were in Santilia, preventing epidemic situations in Santilia.
The mutiny began as a peaceful protest movement, but quickly gave rise to violent clashes between disaffected soldiers and loyal military authorities in several cities, including the capital, Domnia, which was one of the worst-affected cities. The soldiers were angry about the conditions in which many had returned from the conflict in Europe without Santilia having gained absolutely anything, arguing that the war was a waste of time and lives with absolutely no meaning and the result of corruption and mismanagement on the part of government, which was partly true, so the soldiers gained a lot of support from the rest of the population. Soldiers also demanded significant reform within the army, openly challenging established authority and questioning the legitimacy of the government.
The riots spread like wildfire, fueled by widespread discontent with Cobarrubias' government, which stopped being just about the war and began to be about the mismanagement of internal affairs.
The government's brutal repression only served to further inflame the anger and determination of the rioters, who refused to back down in the face of violence and intimidation. With the army divided, the populations discontented and divided and the government tied up in a knot, Cobarrubias knew that he was no longer doing anything in the government, which he abandoned on January 1, 1920, a few months before the scheduled presidential elections.
Despite the government's attempts to suppress the mutiny, the Mutiny of 1919 left an indelible mark on Santilia's national consciousness, inspiring future generations to fight for progressive change and reform. The voices of the mutineers echoed across the country, echoing a call to action and resistance against oppression and injustice, shaping the course of Santilian history forever.
The elections unsurprisingly elected a PSS representative, leaving the 2nd and 3rd places for representatives of the Comunist Front. The elected president was Niguel Jonas Rosas, who governed for 8 years, until 1928, in a government of pure economic progression.
By abandoning the government, President Niguel gave way to one of Santilia's most famous former presidents, Rigo Santero, independent of any party but firmly positioned on the center-left, also using some center-right ideals.
• The Government of Niguel Jonas Rosas (1920-1928)
In the presidential elections of January 1920 in Santilia, one of the most important and famous Santilian presidents was elected, the economist Niguel Jonas Rosas, who governed for two consecutive terms.
The government of Niguel Jonas Rosas, which spanned from 1920 to 1928, was an era of significant economic and social progression in Santilia, driven by left-wing ideals and a commitment to equality and social justice. Under Rosas's progressive leadership, the country witnessed a series of reforms and policies aimed at strengthening the working class, redistributing wealth, and expanding social rights.
Rosas aproved implementing a series of economic policies designed to promote inclusive and sustainable growth, including massive investments in infrastructure, education, and healthcare. Industrialization programs were expanded to boost national production and reduce dependence on foreign imports, creating jobs and stimulating economic development across the country. Tourism also developed immensely at this time, becoming the country's largest source of income and remaining so to this day. Agriculture and livestock continued to lead exports, alongside textile and pharmaceutical production.
Additionally, Rosas' government promoted land reforms designed to redistribute land and provide equal opportunities for rural workers. This included the implementation of land reform policies that aimed to end latifundia and ensure that land was used productively and equitably.
In the social field, Rosas' government adopted measures to promote gender equality, workers' rights, and social inclusion. Comprehensive social assistance programs, including affordable healthcare and free education, were established to ensure that all citizens had access to the basic services needed for a dignified life. It was also Rosas who allowed everyone of legal age to vote, regardless of gender, and the candidacy of anyone over 25 who has never failed in elections, also regardless of gender.
Furthermore, the Rosas government promoted environmental protection and sustainability policies, recognizing the importance of preserving natural resources for future generations. Strict environmental regulations were implemented, and investments in clean energy and sustainable technologies were encouraged.
On the international stage, Rosas' government adopted a stance of solidarity and cooperation with other Latin American countries, promoting regional integration and joint development. Rosas developed a trade route in cooperation with other countries of the Coalición Cooperativa Latina, so that, with only resources from within the Coalition, Latin America could prosper. Santilia became an active defender of human rights and people's self-determination, seeking to build partnerships based on mutual respect and cooperation.
President Rosas also carried out a complete reform of the army, organizing it based on the Roman legions, that is, creating "sections", with around 10 men, "companies", with 2 "sections", and "platoons", with 3 "sections".
President Rosas also aproved taking a series of very important social measures, especially related to public well-being and health and education. During his government, with the support of the FSS and the PSS in the National Assembly, the "Servicios de Salud Santilianos" (SSS) was created, a free public health service that covered the entire working population and retirees. Unemployment benefit gave access to a health service, but at a cost of $10.99 per month. Children had health services paid for by their parents, which changed under the government of Rigo Santero, who made free health services for children and young people a priority in the Santilian government.
In the area of education, President Rosas gave access to free public schools for the entire population, with only paid lunches, with the exception of children from low-income families, who were classified as marked and had their lunch paid for by the state.
• The Financial Crisis of 1929 (1929-1939)
The Great Depression of 1929 was the greatest financial crisis in the history of the United States, which began in 1929 and persisted throughout the 1930s, ending only with the Second World War.
This crisis caused a major economic recession in several other countries, not just the United States. The recession caused by the Great Depression generated effects similar to those generated in the American economy in the economies of these countries, such as the closure of thousands of banking, financial, commercial, and industrial establishments, and the dismissal of thousands of workers.
Santilia had, since the previous year, been under the government of Rigo Arias Santero, elected president with 49% of the vote in January 1928 after the departure of President Rosas from the government.
Santero took a multipronged approach to tackling the crisis. Firstly, he aproved implementing policies to strengthen the productive sectors of the economy, encouraging investments in infrastructure, agriculture, and national industry. He promoted job creation through public works programs and stimulated domestic production to reduce dependence on foreign imports.
Additionally, Santero aproved implementing comprehensive social policies to protect citizens most affected by the crisis. He expanded social assistance programs, providing financial and food support to families in need. Santero also helped strengthing health and education services, ensuring that Santilians had access to the quality medical care and education needed to face economic challenges.
At the same time, Santero adopted measures to stabilize the financial system, protect investments, and stimulate economic growth. He worked closely with financial institutions and regulators to implement reforms that restored investor confidence and promoted financial stability.
Furthermore, Santero sought to strengthen commercial and diplomatic relations with other Latin American countries, seeking partnerships and agreements that would boost the Santilian economy and promote regional cooperation.
Even with great measures taken to resolve the serious economic situation, the global economic crisis of 1929 shook the nation's foundations, triggering a series of unprecedented challenges. Like an overwhelming wave, the crisis swept across the country, leaving in its wake a devastated economic and social landscape.
Unemployment soared, reaching alarming levels as businesses closed their doors and investments dried up. Thousands of Santilian families were plunged into poverty, struggling to survive amid uncertainty and a scarcity of opportunities.
Financial instability swept the country, with the banking system struggling and investor confidence quickly evaporating. Traditional companies, once pillars of the Santilian economy, succumbed under the weight of the crisis, while international trade dwindled, depriving the country of its main source of revenue.
Santilia was one of the countries that suffered most from the crisis, as the United States of America was its biggest buyer, importing practically 100% of its mahogany wood, for example, from Santilia.
The Coalición Cooperativa Latina, founded by certain South American countries including Santilia, faced significant difficulties, but also took advantage of opportunities to strengthen regional cooperation and mitigate the adverse impacts of the crisis on its members.
First, the member countries of the Coalición Cooperativa Latina, including Santilia, sought solidarity and mutual support to face the crisis. Aid mechanisms were established to facilitate the exchange of financial, technical, and human resources between member countries, helping to mitigate the negative effects of the crisis on each economy.
Furthermore, the Coalición Cooperativa Latina promoted greater economic and commercial integration among its members as a way to strengthen collective resilience in the face of the crisis. Trade agreements were strengthened and new economic cooperation initiatives were launched to boost intra-regional trade and reduce Latin American economies' dependence on exports to unstable international markets.
Another strategy adopted by the Coalición Cooperativa Latina was to encourage the development of coordinated social protection and economic stimulus policies among member countries. This included the implementation of social assistance programs such as unemployment insurance and support for vulnerable families, as well as investments in infrastructure and development projects to boost job creation and stimulate economic growth.
Furthermore, the Coalición Cooperativa Latina sought to strengthen its institutions and regional governance mechanisms to ensure a coordinated and effective response to the crisis. This involved holding high-level summits and meetings between the leaders of member countries to coordinate strategies to address the crisis and share best practices.
Campaign
the Soviets
• Santilia in the Second World War (1939-1945)
With the outbreak of the second world war in Europe after the German invasion of Poland in 1939, the president of the Republic at the time, Cibrán Salcido Centeno, declared Santilia's position as militarily neutral, but declared support for the allies, breaking relations with all Axis powers and allies and opened the doors of Santilia to refugees from Europe.
However, President Centeno left the government in January 1942, giving the position of President of the Republic to General Florentino Ramone Ordaz, who, in a public speech on January 9, 1942, a few days after being elected, officially declared war on all 3 Axis powers and said he intended to take Santilian troops to fight alongside the allies in the conflict in Europe. President Ordaz left all matters relating to the conflict to the Ministry of Defense and said that, despite being a general, he would not intervene.
Therefore, on January 22, 1942, Santilia officially entered the conflict, sending troops from land, navy and air forces to fight alongside the allies in North Africa and alongside the Soviets on Germany's eastern front.
On Germany's Eastern Front, the Axis defeated Soviet offensives on the Kerch Peninsula and Kharkov, and then launched its main offensive against southern Russia in June 1942, to seize the Caucasus oil fields and occupy the steppes of Kuban, maintaining positions over the northern and central areas of the Front. The Germans divided Army Group South into two: Army Group A in the lower Don River and Army Group B in the southeast Caucasus on the Volga River. The Soviets decided to make their fighting platform at Stalingrad, which was in the path of the advancing German armies.
By mid-November, the Germans had nearly conquered Stalingrad in severe street fighting when the Soviets, alongside Santilian troops, began the second winter counteroffensive, beginning a siege of Nazi forces in the city and an assault on the Rzhev salient. , near Moscow, although the latter failed disastrously. This counteroffensive resulted in a major loss on the part of Santilia, but the soldiers did not lose morale and were ordered to continue on the battlefield in the USSR. By early February 1943, the German army had suffered heavy losses; German troops at Stalingrad had been forced to surrender and the front line had been pushed back beyond its position before the summer offensive. In mid-February, after Soviet momentum waned, the Germans launched another attack on Kharkiv, creating a salient in their front line around the Russian city of Kursk.
Already in North Africa, in August 1942, the Allies, counting on the support of Santilian forces, managed to repel a second attack against El Alamein and, at great cost, managed to deliver desperately needed supplies to besieged Malta. A few months later, the Allies began an attack of their own in Egypt, dislodging Axis forces and beginning a drive west of all of Libya. The Santilian soldiers made a great contribution to this battle, under the command of General Justino Carlos Consuegra, who became a Santilian hero in this conflict. This attack was followed shortly afterwards by an invasion by British, American and Santilian troops from French North Africa, which resulted in the capture of the region by the Allies. Hitler responded with the defection of the French colony, ordering the occupation of Vichy France, although Vichy forces were unable to resist this violation of the armistice, they managed to sink their fleet to prevent its capture by German forces. The now few Axis forces in Africa retreated to Tunisia, which was conquered by the Allies in May 1943.
On July 12, 1943, the Soviets, alongside the FTS, launched their own counteroffensives, thus removing any hope of victory, or even a draw, for the German army in the east. The Soviet victory at Kursk heralded the decline of German superiority, giving the Soviet Union the initiative on the Eastern Front. The Germans attempted to stabilize their northeastern front along the hastily fortified Panther-Wotan line, however, the Soviets broke it at Smolensk and the Dnieper offensive.
Under orders from General Consuegra, Santilian troops in North Africa mobilized on the Italian Peninsula to support the Western allies in the invasion of Italy.
In early September 1943, the Western Allies invaded the Italian peninsula, following an armistice with the Italians. Germany responded by disarming Italian forces, taking military control of areas previously controlled by Italy and creating a series of defensive lines. German special forces rescued Mussolini, who shortly thereafter established a new puppet state in German-occupied Italy called the Italian Social Republic. The Western Allies fought on several fronts until they reached the main German defensive line in mid-November. In January 1944, the Allies launched a series of attacks in Italy against the line at Monte Cassino and attempted to outflank landings at Anzio. Finally, at the expense of allowing several German divisions to retreat, on June 4 Rome was captured.
The next Soviet offensive, with FTS support of course, was stopped on Estonia's pre-war borders by German Army Group North aided by Estonians who hoped to reestablish national independence. This delay slowed subsequent Soviet operations in the Baltic Sea region. By the end of May 1944, the Soviets had liberated Crimea, expelled most Axis forces from Ukraine, and made incursions into Romania, which were repelled by Axis troops.
Under orders from the President of the Republic, more Santilian troops were sent to help with the landing of Allied forces on the beaches of Normandy on June 6, 1944, which became known as "D-Day".
After reassigning several Allied divisions from Italy, they also attacked southern France. The landings were successful and led to the defeat of German army units in France. Paris was liberated by local resistance with the support of the Free French Forces on 25 August and the Western Allies continued to force back German forces in Western Europe during the latter part of the year. An attempt to advance into northern Germany led by a major air operation in the Netherlands ended in failure. After this, the Western Allies slowly moved into Germany, unsuccessfully trying to cross the Rur River in a major offensive. In Italy, the Allied advance also slowed when they encountered the last major line of German defense.
On 22 June, the Soviets launched a strategic offensive in Belarus (known as "Operation Bagration", in which the FTS also participated), which resulted in the almost complete destruction of the German Army Group Center. Soon afterwards, another strategic Soviet offensive forced the retreat of German troops from western Ukraine and eastern Poland. The successful advance of Soviet troops prompted resistance forces in Poland to initiate several uprisings, although the largest of them, in Warsaw, in addition to a Slovak uprising in the south, did not receive Soviet assistance and ended up being put down by German forces. The Red Army's strategic offensive in eastern Romania considerably destabilized and destroyed German troops in the region and triggered a successful coup d'état in Romania and Bulgaria, followed by the displacement of these countries to the side of the Allies.
In September 1944, Soviet Red Army troops alongside the Santilian FTS advanced into Yugoslavia and forced the rapid withdrawal of German Army Groups E and F in Greece, Albania and Yugoslavia. At this point, communist-backed partisans led by Marshal Josip Broz Tito, who had led an increasingly successful guerrilla campaign against the occupation since 1941, controlled much of Yugoslav territory and were engaged in delaying efforts against the German forces further south. In northern Serbia, the Red Army and the FTS, with limited support from Bulgarian forces, assisted the partisans in a joint liberation of the capital Belgrade on 20 October. A few days later, the Soviets launched a massive attack against German-occupied Hungary, which lasted until the fall of Budapest in February 1945. In contrast to the impressive Soviet and Santilian victories in the Balkans, the poignant Finnish resistance against the Soviet offensive on the Karelian Isthmus prevented the occupation of Finnish territory and led to the signing of the Soviet-Finnish armistice on relatively mild terms, with Finland's subsequent switch to the side of the Allies.
On December 16, 1944, Germany tried its last desperate measure to achieve success on the Western Front, using most of its remaining reserves to launch a major counteroffensive in the Ardennes to try to divide the Western Allies, encircling large portions of Allied troops. and seize its primary power port in Antwerp, with the aim of bringing about a political solution. The Santilian troops, being relatively more relaxed than their European counterparts, were essential in the defense of French and Belgian territories. In January, the offensive had been repelled without meeting its strategic objectives. In Italy, the Western Allies were deadlocked on the German defensive line. In mid-January 1945, the Soviets, alongside the Santilians, attacked in Poland, moving from the Vistula to the Oder River in Germany, and invaded East Prussia. On February 4, American, British, Soviet and Santilian leaders met at the Yalta Conference. They agreed on the post-war occupation of Germany and on when the Soviet Union and Santilia would join the war against Japan.
After the victories of the allies on the eastern front and in Italy, the Germans ended up surrendering on May 7, 1945, in Reims.
Before Santilian troops joined the campaign in Japan, the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagazaki were dropped, ending the war on July 15, 1945.
Santilian soldiers returned to the capital, Domnia, on August 20, 1945, many with serious or permanent physical injuries. Despite everything, this time the way the populations saw things was different, and everything was seen with a little more patriotism, unlike what happened in the first World War conflict.
• Santilia during the Cold War (1947-1991)
During the Cold War, Santilia emerged as an influential nation in the geopolitical landscape of South America. As a member of the Capitalist Bloc and an ally of NATO, although it was not an official part of the organization as it is not located in the North Atlantic, the country played a significant role in supporting Western policies and interests in the region. This strategic alliance allowed Santilia to benefit from investment, military and technological cooperation, as well as ensuring a secure position in a period of increasing global tension.
It was during the Cold War that Santilia's economy achieved notable development, driven mainly by the industrial sector. The pharmaceutical, timber and energy industries experienced substantial growth, taking advantage of the country's abundant natural resources and foreign investment, especially from NATO countries, including the United States of America, Canada, Spain and Portugal. These sectors became pillars of the Santilian economy, contributing significantly to the increase in nominal and per capita GDP.
Despite industrial success, tourism continued to lead the income of economic sectors in Santilia. With its beautiful beaches, stunning landscapes and rich culture, tourism has attracted a constant flow of foreign visitors, generating significant revenue for the country. Commerce, agriculture and industry also played important roles in the economy, further diversifying sources of income and boosting economic growth.
Thanks to these developments, Santilia has reached the top in terms of nominal and per capita GDP in South America, consolidating its position as one of the most prosperous and influential economies in the region. This era of economic prosperity and political stability during the Cold War left a lasting legacy on Santilia's history and identity, shaping its future as a modern, progressive nation.
Santilia positioned himself strongly on the capitalist side of the world, supporting the United States of America not only at an economic level, but also infiltrating spies in Eastern Bloc countries, especially in Cuba. The city of Havana became a meeting point for Santilian spies between the 1950s and 1970s. Some names became popular internationally, including the most famous of all Santilian spies, Pascual Taurino Villalobos, who lived between 1951 and 1987 in Havana, having made an immense contribution to ensuring that the Cuban Missile Crisis did not result in a global nuclear conflict. Villalobos also contributed to the Bay of Pigs invasion, sending the American armed forces a series of essential information about the situation in Cuba.
Santilian spies were also present in the USSR, especially in the 1960s and 1970s. The vast majority of spies were only in Russia, but the Lviv region, in Ukraine, was also known as a hotspot full of Santilian spies. Santilia was the one who revealed to the world the Holodomor and other atrocities committed by Stalin, contributing immensely to anti-communist propaganda and especially to anti-Russian propaganda, greatly defaming Stalin's dictatorship.
In other situations, such as the Space Race or the Arms Race, Santilia did not contribute much, but in the armaments area they were responsible for creating a series of portable firearms that are still used today by both the FTS and the American armed forces, including the famous Ortolano 617 Cal.9mm, a revolver produced by the military equipment producer Ortolano, the most famous company of its kind in Santilia. The Jaguar tank prototype also became very popular, but it did not go ahead due to a lack of funding from the Ministry of Defense, which resumed the project later, in 1990. The Proyecto Espacio Santiliano (PES) was only created in 2007 , so Santilia did not actively participate in the Space Race other than providing funding to NASA, of course.
Therefore, the Cold War was economically extremely important for Santilia, in addition to being the moment in History in which Santilia gained most relevance in the geopolitical scenario, having been essential so that the Cold War did not result in an armed conflict on a huge scale. The economy within Santilia also prospered, especially Industry, which achieved its first major advance since the 19th century.
Vicente del Champo Marroquín
• The Goverment of Vicente del Champo Marroquín (2012-2020)
In the January 2012 presidential elections, the National Liberal Front (FNL) politician Vicente del Champo Marroquín, a visible defender of homosexual rights trained in law, was elected, with 48% of the votes.
The government of President Vicente del Champo Marroquín, who held office between 2012 and 2020, was marked by a series of progressive social policies and significant economic advances. Under his leadership, Santilia witnessed an era of positive change in several areas, including human rights and economic development.
One of the most notable policies adopted by President Marroquín was the promotion of LGBT rights. During his tenure, laws and regulations were implemented to ensure equal rights and protection for the LGBT community. This included measures to combat discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, as well as legally recognizing same-sex marriage and ensuring legal protection against hate crimes and violence.
In addition to progressive social policies, Marroquín's government also recorded significant economic advances. Through economic stimulus policies, infrastructure investments and tax incentives for companies, Santilia has experienced a period of sustained economic growth. The GDP growth rate increased consistently during his tenure, reaching an annual average of 4.5%. This resulted in a significant reduction in unemployment and an increase in the population's average income.
Furthermore, one of the most notable achievements of Marroquín's government was the significant drop in inflation. Thanks to effective price control measures and prudent monetary policies, inflation has fallen to historically low levels. During his term, average annual inflation was around 2%, providing economic stability and protecting citizens' purchasing power.
President Marroquín also aproved making public transport services free for students, with the support of the left in the National Assembly, and founded the University of Teparla, the first on Esacia Island. He also advocated the creation of more seaports in Santilia and better preservation of natural reserves in the Archipelago, shaping some policies that were repealed a number of times in National Assembly.
• The Covid-19 Pandemic (2019-2022)
In December 2019, in the Wuhan province of the People's Republic of China, a new virus was identified whose disease was later named Covid-19. Attempts to contain it failed, allowing the virus to spread to other areas of China and eventually across the world. The World Health Organization classified the outbreak, on January 30, 2020, as an International Public Health Emergency and, in May of the same year, as a pandemic outbreak.
Santilia was hit by the virus in April 2020, but there were many measures taken by the government to prevent the virus from reaching Santilia. Although Parliament supported the idea of completely closing the borders, the newly elected president Yago Bermudes, an MDS politician, vetoed the resolution, suggesting a mandatory total social isolation of 5 days for anyone, Santilian or foreigner, arriving in Santilia until the end of the outbreak. The government also requested the use of face masks or visors in closed public spaces, frequent hand disinfection and self-isolation for anyone showing symptoms.
The virus arrived in Santilia on April 14, 2020, possibly having arrived on a Spain-Santilia trip. The first infected person, despite complying with the five-day isolation, infected a series of other people in the city of Anez, in Sinuso, totaling 122 infected people throughout the Archipelago on May 1 of the same year and, on January 1, 2021, 11,993 infected.
The peak of the disease in Santilia was reached in April 2021, in which 601,215 people were infected with the disease in Santilia.
The Bermudian government took a series of precautions to avoid overcrowding in hospitals, selling rapid tests in pharmacies to anyone showing symptoms and asking them to self-isolate for 15 days.
The Covid-19 pandemic had a major impact on the Santilian economy. Tourism, the largest source of income within the Santilian economy, has become practically non-existent. Hotel services suffer greatly as a result, being the most affected by the pandemic.
Around March 2022, the number of infected people dropped immensely in Santilia and on April 2 of the same year, President Bermudes removed policies to prevent contamination and overcrowding in hospitals, putting an end to the Covid-19 outbreak in a certain way. Santilia.
My History is officially ready! Say what you think!
There was supposed to be more, but I can't add more information otherwise the game won't let me publish it.
Seems too copied in many sections.
Hallo Neu, ich bin serturasi
In what sense?
Like you've gone to Wikipedia, copied and pasted the text into the Factbook, and only changed some words
I did that in the world wars, but no big deal. I even changed things a lot.
And the expeditions part was also kind of "copied" from Montevento, but it kind was me who wrote everything, I just based it on some of the things he said in his factbook.
hello honk here
NEMA VISHE TURSKIH PITE OT KOSOVSKO ZHITO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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