The General Assembly,

Alarmed by the destruction, neglect, and deliberate erasure of culturally significant sites across the world,

Affirming the significance of protecting and preserving the cultures and histories of all peoples, and the World Assembly’s duty to work to uphold this importance,

Recognising that culturally, historically, religiously, and scientifically significant sites constitute both a vital piece of the world’s shared cultural heritage and an irreplaceable component of the identity and traditions of local peoples and civilisations,

Defending the freedom of World Assembly nations to safeguard places meriting such preservation on the Assembly’s behalf,

Hereby,

1. Defines “places of cultural significance” as locations holding exceptional and irreplaceable cultural, historical, or scientific value, such that their preservation is of common concern to the international community. Such categories of places which may warrant preservation include, but are not limited to:

   1. Those where artificially created structures stand or have historically stood,

   2. Those where a singular or multiple historical events of significance have taken place,

   3. Those which are of particular importance to religious or cultural traditions.

2. Establishes the World Landmarks Oversight Board (WLOB) as a body managing the “World Cultural Landmarks” registry of defined protected places, charged with:

   1. Overseeing the evaluation, selection, establishment, and removal of World Cultural Landmarks,

   2. Ensuring the proper protection, administration, and maintenance of World Cultural Landmarks,

   3. Monitoring the distribution and usage of all designated funds put forth for the appointment, establishment, and upkeep of World Cultural Landmarks,

   4. Maintaining an updated list of World Cultural Landmarks at risk, consisting of all World Cultural Landmarks that are threatened by significant dangers, such as military conflict, environmental degradation, and neglect,

   5. Encouraging the further expansion and continued proper conservation of World Cultural Landmarks for future generations.

3. Allows member nations to nominate locations within their jurisdictions to the WLOB for designation and removal as World Cultural Landmarks. This is the sole process by which World Cultural Landmarks may be established.

4. Requires member nations with World Cultural Landmarks to take reasonable measures to identify, protect, and preserve all World Cultural Landmarks within their own jurisdiction, while providing the WLOB information regarding the condition and preservation of such sites.

The General Assembly,

Understanding that GA#1 "Daybreak" recognizes the World Assembly (WA) maintains necessary infrastructure for the execution of its functions;

Affirming that such infrastructure should respect the national sovereignty of member nations and avoid imposing undue burdens upon them;

Observing that generations of delegates have demonstrated a remarkable tendency to conclude negotiations, settle misunderstandings, and accidentally draft treaties while gathered at the World Assembly Strangers' Bar (WASB);

Further observing that the recent addition of the World Assembly Ballroom (WABR) has transformed the establishment from a favored diplomatic watering hole into one of the most practical meeting places; and

Concluding that it is generally wiser to designate the place everyone already uses as the World Assembly Headquarters (WAHQ) than to construct another one elsewhere or evict squatters from the previous location;

Hereby:

1. Designates the WASB, together with the adjoining WABR, as the official headquarters of the World Assembly (WASBBRHQ), serving as its principal venue for diplomatic engagement, administrative activity, official ceremonies, and such other functions as are necessary to facilitate the work of the World Assembly;

2. Declares that no member nation shall obtain preferential status or influence over WASBBRHQ operations by virtue of geography, patronage, or repeated success during trivia night;

3. Recognizes the corridor outside the restrooms as the Hall of Nations, acknowledging its historic role as the location of years' worth of impromptu diplomatic discussions, emergency coalition-building, awkward encounters, and delegates pretending they were heading somewhere else all along;

4. Orders the placement of a photograph of the Kennyite delegation in a spot of honor above the bar;

5. Reserves the northwest corner booth of WASBBRHQ for exclusive use by the World Assembly Secretariat when conducting official business, with the stipulation that:

1. Secretariat members shall only relinquish the booth whenever they unanimously agree that another table looks more comfortable; and

2. no international incident shall arise solely because another delegation mistakenly believes the booth to be available;

6. Directs that routine operating expenses of the WASBBRHQ shall be offset through voluntary commercial revenue generated on the premises, including:

1. a tip jar, the proceeds of which shall be distributed among WASBBRHQ custodial, hospitality, maintenance, and other building staff; and

2. a jukebox, an automated teller machine (ATM), and exactly two slot machines, whose net revenues shall be dedicated exclusively to the maintenance, repair, improvement, and continued operation of the WASBBRHQ;

7. Clarifies that no member nation shall be obligated to contribute financially through the use of any such amenity;

8. Encourages member nations to make use of the WASBBRHQ for formal negotiations, back channel communications, cultural exchange, and the peaceful resolution of disputes, while reminding delegates that endorsement levels and shouting "Point of Order!" does not reserve a place in the queue for the restrooms; and

9. Affirms that nothing in this resolution shall be interpreted as limiting the ability of the World Assembly under future resolutions to regulate diplomatic privileges, security, administrative procedures, or other matters necessary for the effective operation of the WASBBRHQ.

The World Assembly—

Recognizing the increasing threat to global agriculture posed by climate change, deforestation, and conflict,

Alarmed that overreliance on limited varieties of agricultural crops increases vulnerability to disease, pests, and continued changes to the environment,

Recalling previous efforts to safeguard global food networks,

Noting the new absence of a dedicated, sustainable, and scientifically managed seed preservation framework,

Affirming the importance of preserving agricultural biodiversity for both present and future generations as a necessity for life,

Hereby—

1. Establishes the International Seed Preservation Initiative (ISPI) as an independent, nationless body operating under the authority of, and funded by, the World Assembly, tasked with the collection, organization, preservation, and protection of agricultural seed diversity;

2. Mandates that the ISPI:

a. Maintain secure, climate-controlled seed storage facilities;
b. Develop redundant storage systems across multiple geographic regions to prevent catastrophic loss;
c. Prioritize the preservation of staple, cultivated crops, regionally significant plant species, and endangered flora;
d. Maintain records sufficient to ensure that distributed genetic material is used in accordance with this resolution;

3. Encourages all member nations to voluntarily contribute seeds, particularly those unique to their ecosystems or agricultural traditions;

4. Affirms that all contributed genetic material remains the sovereign property of the originating nation;

5. Provides that contributed genetic material shall not be patented, claimed as exclusive intellectual property, or commercially exploited in any way without the originating nation's consent, and may be used solely for preservation, research, and humanitarian restoration purposes;

6. The ISPI may temporarily suspend access to preserved genetic material for nations found to have knowingly violated Article 5 until such violations have been remedied.

7. Authorizes the ISPI to distribute preserved seeds at no cost to nations experiencing agricultural collapse due to disaster, conflict, or environmental crisis, in a manner that respects regional agricultural practices and ecological compatibility;

8. Prohibits the monopolization or restriction of access to preserved seed resources in ways that would undermine global food security;

9. Encourages international cooperation in agricultural research, including the development of resilient crop strains, while respecting ethical and ecological considerations;

10. Directs the ISPI to publish regular reports on the state of global agricultural biodiversity and risks to food systems.

The World Assembly understands there to be fundamental rights to life, dignity, and legal recognition for all persons within its jurisdiction. From these basic rights, a right to freedom from torture can be extrapolated. In pursuit of a strong international solution to ensure that all peoples are guaranteed this right, the World Assembly hereby enacts the following:

1. For the purposes of this resolution, “torture” is defined as any act which seeks to inflict severe psychological or physical pain or trauma against an individual for an interest in:

   1. coercing persons into providing information or consent, or complying with demands that are not strictly necessary to the conduction of law enforcement or military action; or

   2. punishing persons or using their pain or trauma to coerce or influence others.

2. Subjecting a person to torture is to be treated as a serious criminal offence in individual member-states’ jurisdictions and, when done in large scale against a civilian population, a crime against humanity as covered by international law. Aiding the execution of these crimes and complicity in torture must also be criminalised, with sanctions to be set proportionately to involvement.

3. The prior clause shall be interpreted as mandating the criminalization of significant involvement in the planning, ordering, or execution of torture; and as mandating the criminalization of compliance with an order to torture, except where:

   1. compliance was necessary to avoid grave punishment upon the complying person or another person known to the complying person, and

   2. that punishment is not merely financial or on the basis of reputation.

4. Member-states must provide educational materials for persons directly or indirectly serving them in roles that involve interrogation, criminal investigation, or the handling of prisoners or detainees, including instruction on the international prohibition of torture and the rights of persons regarding it.

5. It is the duty of every member-state to combat the practice of torture in its institutions and among its inhabitants. Member-states' governments are required to thoroughly investigate any credible report or accusation of torture within their jurisdiction, and prosecute it.

6. Confessions, testimonies, statements, and any other piece of evidence acquired by means of torture shall be considered inadmissible in every court proceeding, national or otherwise. Evidence an accused produced against themselves by torturing another person is admissible exclusively for the purpose of facilitating proceedings against them. The victims of torture may also use evidence produced by their torturing to prove the innocence of themselves or others on related accusations.

7. Member states may not retaliate against persons via direct or indirect means for reporting or attempting to report a violation of this resolution's mandates that is credible to the best of the reporter's knowledge, and must take effective action to curtail any retaliation which occurs in the jurisdiction of their state.

The World Assembly,

Aiming to promote fundamental legal principles across member nations,

Insisting that individuals possess a fundamental right to liberty and protection from arbitrary deprivation thereof,

Reaffirming that individuals should not be prosecuted unless they have violated criminal law, as it was promulgated at the time of the offence,

Recognizing that having legal standards that are publicly accessible and clear is crucial to ensuring fairness, predictability, and the rule of law,

Worried that unpublished laws lead to arbitrary and inconsistent legal enforcement,

Mandates:

a. "Recognized source of law" is defined, for the purposes of this resolution, as any source of law, judicial precedent, or executive policy which possesses legal authority to establish criminal liability,

b. Each member nation shall ensure that all recognized sources of law for that member nation are publicly promulgated and accessible to all whom they may apply to, whether directly by that member nation itself or indirectly by some organisations or individuals,

c. Member nations shall ensure that no individual within their jurisdiction may be subjected to criminal punishment, unless authorized by a recognized source of law promulgated in accordance with the prior clause,

d. Member nations shall ensure that no individual within their jurisdiction may be subjected to criminal punishment for any act that was not unlawful at the time the act occurred,

e. Member nations shall ensure that no individual within their jurisdiction may be subjected to criminal punishment for any act in excess of that applicable at the time of the act

f. Member nations must provide a mechanism to allow individuals to seek judicial or equivalent lawful review of convictions or penalties purportedly imposed against this resolution's prohibitions,

g. When such review deems convictions or penalties have been imposed in violation of this resolution, member nations shall ensure appropriate legal remedy is provided and that convictions which were made not in compliance with this resolution are to be nullified,

h. Nothing in this resolution shall provide legal protection to individuals who claim ignorance of the law if the relevant law was publicly promulgated at the time of the act.

The World Assembly,

Recognizing the importance of the electromagnetic spectrum in global communication, enabling modern wonders from cell phones to accurate weather forecasting to the internet, and

Cognizant of the fact that, despite these wondrous technologies stemming from spectrum use, the physics underpinning spectrum do not care for trivial political matters like "national borders," and that the international community failing to coordinate their spectrum use may jeopardize the advantages of the technology for all, and

Nervously sweating about the prospect of tackling this subject for thousands of nations with competing interests worldwide, therefore enacts as follows:

1. For the purposes of this resolution:

   1. "Spectrum" shall refer to the range of electromagnetic frequencies capable of being used for the transmission of information without physical connection between the points of transmission and reception;

   2. "Band" shall refer to any continuous portion of the spectrum defined by an upper and lower boundary;

   3. "Allocation" shall refer to the designation of a band for one or more classes of use, establishing the purposes for which the band may be used;

   4. "Assignment" shall refer to an authorization granted by a member to a particular user to operate within an allocated band, consistent with the allocation governing that band;

   5. "Harmful interference" shall refer to the degradation, obstruction, or repeated interruption of another use of the spectrum to a significant degree.

2. The Spectrum Policy and Allocations Network (SPAN) is established as the World Assembly body responsible for coordinating the use of spectrum among members. SPAN shall be bound by the following duties and responsibilities:

   1. SPAN shall establish and maintain a table of allocations designating appropriate use for each band, and revise it as technological and operational circumstances require;

   2. To members that lack the technical capacity to coordinate their assignments, SPAN shall provide reasonable technical assistance upon request, and when coordinating access to unassigned spectrum bands shall give due consideration to these members;

   3. Upon member request, SPAN shall attempt to voluntarily coordinate with non-members whose spectrum use interacts with that of members, or otherwise assist members in managing use adjacent to uncoordinated jurisdictions.

   4. SPAN shall not have the power to compel any member into action or inaction unless actively provided for by the World Assembly.

3. There shall exist a register of assignments, which shall be operated and maintained by SPAN and made available to all members. This register shall operate as follows:

   1. Before bringing into use an assignment that may cause harmful interference to another member, a member shall coordinate that assignment with affected members and record it in the register;

   2. Recorded assignments are protected against harmful interference from other members in the order in which they are recorded;

   3. A member whose spectrum use causes undue harmful interference to an earlier protected assignment shall forfeit the protections this resolution grants to their own assignments;

   4. Upon becoming aware of an event or emergent condition posing a credible risk of harmful interference to another member, a member must notify SPAN and any potentially affected members as soon as reasonably practicable;

   5. Disputes as to harmful interference or protected standing shall be adjudicated by SPAN;

   6. SPAN may reclaim the protected standing of assignments which are unused or held in excess of demonstrated need.

4. SPAN shall establish autonomous groups to coordinate assignments among members whose use of spectrum interacts, which shall operate as follows:

   1. Members are placed into groups on the basis of the interaction of their spectrum use, and the composition of these groups shall be adjusted as those interactions change;

   2. Each group shall coordinate assignments among its members and may make coordination refinements applicable within the group, with due consideration to the individual needs and wants of the group's members, the provisions provided by this resolution, and SPAN's table of allocations;

   3. Matters affecting members of more than one group, or unresolved within a group, shall be adjudicated by SPAN;

   4. Members may be members of multiple groups if multiple cover their spectrum needs.

The General Assembly,

Recognizing the need for international cooperation in outer space, as the shared fabric of the universe that binds all known life, a medium which is becoming increasingly reachable for developing life,

Motivated by a desire to cooperate on preserving access to, and promoting research of, this medium, through international partnership,

Pursuing collaboration on space research and exploration under the framework of national sovereignty, respecting the internal affairs of member nations while promoting cooperation that will prove beneficial to the World Assembly at large,

Hereby defines as follows:

1. Outer Space: The all-encompassing expanse of vacuum in between celestial objects, including but not limited to stars, planetary bodies, and nebulae.

2. Spacecraft: A flight-capable vehicle operated within outer space by a civilization.

3. Civilian Spacecraft: A spacecraft that is owned or operated for non-military use.

Hereby enacts as follows:

1. The Space Transport and Astronomical Research (STAR) Administration is hereby established with the following directives:

   1. Promoting international research and understanding of outer space, in the interest of uninvasive international cooperation and for the benefit of member nations.

   2. Publishing credible research findings regarding aeronautical travel and outer space phenomena, in cases where such research benefits the international community.

   3. Promoting technology sharing, with consent of any involved parties, to expedite safe, sustainable space travel in developing member nations.

   4. Collaborating with member nations and any further programs established by the General Assembly as needed to minimize internationally relevant risks deriving from spacefaring operations.

2. Member nations are encouraged to follow any applicable guidelines established by the STAR Administration on the topic of inspecting civilian spacecraft, for the purposes of verifying operational, mechanical, and structural soundness, for the purposes of reducing casualties.

   1. Member nations are encouraged to ensure that their spacecraft can last for the whole mission that they will be used for.

   2. Member nations are encouraged to ensure that their spacecraft undergo extensive structural tests and extensive mechanical tests for the purposes of preventing fuel and chemical leakages, as well as averting other dangerous issues that may arise.

3. Member nations, when operating in shared terrestrial orbits, are highly encouraged to coordinate with the STAR Administration to the extent needed to avoid, or reduce to the fullest, the risk of unintended collision between spacecraft, satellites, and other structures.

   1. For the purpose of resolving emergency situations, member nations are encouraged to share communication channels and contact procedures for civilian spacecraft operating in the same terrestrial orbits.

4. The STAR Administration shall respect the sovereignty of all member states regarding exploration, studying, and missions into outer space.

   1. The STAR Administration shall have zero authority to pass discipline onto nations.