ISL | Mossad

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Mossad

The Mossad traces its origins to 13 December 1949, when it was established as the Central Institute for Coordination following a recommendation by David Ben-Gurion to Reuven Shiloah. Ben-Gurion sought to create a centralized organization that would improve coordination and cooperation among Israel's existing intelligence and security bodies: the military intelligence directorate (Aman), the internal security service (Shin Bet), and the Political Intelligence Service (Mossad). Oversight of these agencies was initially provided by the Va'adat, a coordinating committee whose functions are today associated with the Ministry of Intelligence. In March 1951, the organization underwent a major reorganization and was placed under the authority of the Prime Minister's Office, where it has since reported directly to the prime minister. Because of this reporting structure—operating outside the direct oversight of the Knesset—journalist Ronen Bergman has characterized Mossad as a "deep state." During the 1990s, Aliza Magen-Halevi became the highest-ranking woman in Mossad's history when she served as deputy director under Shabtai Shavit and later Danny Yatom, marking a significant milestone in the agency's leadership.

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